What to do in case of Recurrent Vaginal Candida

Generally, women who repeatedly suffer from vaginal candida are people at risk (eg: diabetes sufferers), aware of the reason behind the recurrence of the infection.

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When this is not the case, however, they should undergo diagnostic tests, to find out the reason for the repeated episodes of vaginal candida; the diagnostic tests indicated include: blood test, urinalysis and vaginal swab.

 How to recognize vaginal candida?

Generally, for the diagnosis of vaginal candida, an accurate physical examination is sufficient , during which the doctor analyzes the symptomatological picture in detail, and a careful evaluation of the patient's clinical history (or anamnesis ).

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In special situations, however, it may happen that it is necessary to resort also to the execution of laboratory tests , such as the ' analysis of blood , l' examination of urine and vaginal swab .

 Consequences of Vaginal Candidiasis in Pregnancy

In the absence of adequate treatment, vaginal candida in pregnant women is a risk factor for premature birth (or preterm delivery ).

Additionally, in a very small percentage of pregnant women with vaginal candida, the infection can be passed on to the baby at delivery, resulting in a condition known as congenital neonatal candida (or neonatal candida ). 

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Vaginal Candida: when to worry?
The appearance of suspicious symptoms, such as pain and itching in the genitals and pain during urination and during sexual intercourse, should prompt you to contact your general practitioner immediately, who will most likely prescribe a specialist visit to a gynecologist .

 Who is most at risk for Invasive Candidiasis?

Among women with vaginal candida, they are most at risk for invasive candidiasis:

•  People with AIDS. As the reader will recall, AIDS affects the efficiency of the immune defenses;
• Those taking immunosuppressive drugs. This is the case, for example, of women who have undergone an organ transplant;
• Those who are undergoing chemotherapy to treat a tumor. Chemotherapeutics have the side effect of reducing the efficiency of the immune system;
• People with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes promotes the proliferation of Candida albicans ;
• Subjects who have to periodically resort to dialysis (the so-called dialysis). This is the case for women with renal insufficiency ;
• Those who, thanks to a certain health condition, must undergo the insertion of a central venous catheter . The central venous catheter is a medical device used in long-term therapies, to administer fluids, drugs and other substances that the human body needs in the presence of certain conditions.

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 Complications of Vaginal Candida

For some women, vaginal candida is a relapsing / recurring condition , that is, it recurs from time to time; this situation is not serious from a clinical point of view, but it can have significant repercussions on the quality of the patient's sexual life.

• Furthermore, if it affects women in a state of immunosuppression or with particular diseases (eg diabetes), vaginal candida can degenerate into a systemic condition, known as invasive candidiasis (or invasive candida ).
• Invasive candida is the infection resulting from the passage of the fungus Candida albicans ( fungemia or funghemia ) into the blood and its spread to important organs, such as the heart ( endocarditis ), the brain ( encephalitis ), the eyes ( endophthalmitis ) or the bones ( osteomyelitis ).
• Invasive candida can be fatal for the patient, therefore it represents a medical emergency, which must be given immediate help.

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 Vaginal Candida: Symptoms

Typical symptoms and signs of vaginal candida are:

• Pain and itching at the vulva (entrance to the vagina)
• Pain or discomfort during sexual intercourse ( dyspareunia );
• Stinging or burning pain when urinating ( dysuria )
• Leaking fluid from the vagina. Typically, this liquid is odorless, white and sometimes watery, sometimes thick.

Furthermore, if vaginal candida also involves inflammation of the genital area, the symptomatological picture is enriched with further manifestations, such as:

• Redness of the vulva and vagina;
• Vaginal fissures ;
• Local swelling;
• Very painful skin sores (very rarely seen).

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 Is Vaginal Candida a Sexually Transmitted Disease?

According to the medical community, although it can arise from sexual intercourse with affected people, vaginal candida is not to be considered a sexually transmitted disease (such as syphilis or genital herpes ).

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